What is Biometric Security?

In this blog post, we will gain a thorough understanding about the concept and working of biometric security systems, the various categories of Biometric Security Systems, the different areas of application for biometric security systems and the major advantages as well as drawbacks of using biometric security systems. 

Concept of Biometric Security Systems 

• The statistical evaluation and measurement of an individual’s distinctive behavioral and physical attributes is known as biometrics. The biometrics technology is mostly employed for access control, identification, and those who are under surveillance. The most well-known applications of biometric technology are retina scanning, face recognition, and fingerprint mapping 

• The use of biometric security allows for the identification of persons by verifying their behavioral and physical attributes such as hand patterns, facial recognition, retinal patterns, and fingerprints. It is the most reliable and powerful physical security method for confirming identities. 

• These physical attributes are kept as “templates” by the biometric security system. The biometric security system scans anyone attempts to get access, examines their physical attributes, and matches them to previously recorded information. If a match is discovered, the individual is subsequently given entry to the location or device. 

Working of Biometric Security Systems 

• Consumer gadgets, point-of-sale apps, and public and corporate security systems are all increasingly using biometric authentication as there are no passwords or security tokens to carry about, biometric authentication offers accessibility as well as security. 

• When a person’s biometric data is gathered and matched, the cybersecurity system stores it so that it may be linked with further access attempts. Usually before being saved on a distant server or device, biometric data is encrypted. 

• The stored database is checked against the scanned biometric data, and access is either denied or allowed based on whether a match is found. 

Categories of Biometric Security Systems 

Here are some of the most popular categories of biometric security systems that are commonly used today:

• Finger or Palm Vein Recognition – Finger or palm vein recognition biometric security method uses the distinctive pattern of blood veins on a person’s finger to identify the person. 

• Iris or Retina Recognition – Iris or retina recognition biometric security method uses a person’s distinctive retinal or iris pattern to identify the person.  

• Face Recognition – Face recognition biometric security method is used to examine the complete facial structure of a person to identify the person.  

• Fingerprint Recognition – Fingerprint recognition security method uses a person’s distinct fingerprint which can confirm the identification of that particular person. 

• Voice Recognition – Voice recognition security method or voice biometry for cybersecurity reasons uses a person’s distinctive vocal frequencies, pitch, and tone to authenticate them. 

Applications of Biometric Security Systems 

Here are some of the areas of application for biometric security systems:

• Home or Office Buildings – Biometric security systems authenticate the identity of anybody attempting to enter a house or office building. A lot of home or office buildings use face recognition to confirm a person’s identification. 

• Airports – Biometric security systems are often employed at airports to authenticate the identity of anybody attempting to enter the premises of an airport. A lot of airports use iris recognition to confirm a person’s identification. 

• Mobile Devices – During the last ten years, biometric security systems have been incorporated into Android and iOS devices, and today you can use fingerprint scanning on every modern smartphone. It also provides biometric multi-factor authentication through combining iris scanning and face recognition. 

• Banking & Finance – Biometric payment security is one of the uses of biometrics in banking & finance. Fingerprint scans are frequently utilized in collaboration with this technology to approve transaction operations. 

Advantages of Biometric Systems 

Following are some of the major advantages of using biometric security systems:

• Since biometric systems are more difficult to forge, duplicate, or transmit than conventional username/password (U/P) authentication, biometric security is a reliable method of user verification. 

• Consumers prefer biometric authentication over U/P authentication, according to security experts, since it’s simpler for them to verify themselves, all they have to do is scan their finger, and they’re in. 

• This is advantageous to businesses as well since a positive user experience may help lower security risks and provides the businesses a competitive edge. 

Drawbacks of Biometric Security Systems 

Even though having so many advantages of using biometric security systems as discussed above, but there are some drawbacks as well:

• Implementing biometric identification systems might be expensive if a business is just starting out. For instance, certain biometric technologies, like fingerprint scanners, are currently reasonably inexpensive to buy, the most accurate and reliable ones are sometimes extremely expensive. 

• Although there are many security threats that biometrics help to mitigate, but cybercriminals or hackers have developed strategies to bypass biometric authentication systems and compromise databases that stores the biometric data of the company or an individual. 

• Due to the fact that the password-protecting hashing algorithm is ineffective for biometric data. So, any business that use biometric security to authenticate its users must make sure that any biometric data it centrally stores should be appropriately secured as in the case of failing to do so, it will endanger its clients. 

Conclusion

Hence, from the above discussion, we can conclude to say that biometric security systems continue to be a rising method of identity verification. Despite the dangers, these systems are practical and difficult to replicate. Furthermore, these systems will keep evolving for a very long time to come. 

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